ADHD, Stimulants, And Sleep: Unpacking The Connection
The Impact of ADHD on Sleep
Sleep disturbances, such as difficulty falling or staying asleep are sometimes mistakenly attributed to stimulant medications commonly prescribed for ADHD. Research shows that ADHD itself (not the stimulants) is the primary driver of sleep difficulties.
Sleep issues in ADHD are well-documented and stem from the neurobiological underpinnings of the condition. Some of the most common sleep problems in individuals with ADHD include:
Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS): People with ADHD often have a shifted circadian rhythm, making it difficult to fall asleep and wake up at conventional times.
DSPS is believed to result from a mismatch between an individual’s internal biological clock (circadian rhythm) and the external environment.
Sleep-Onset Insomnia: Overactive thoughts and an inability to "shut off" the brain can delay the onset of sleep.
Sleep-Onset Insomnia refers to difficulty initiating sleep, even when an individual has adequate opportunity and conditions to do so. It is a common symptom of various sleep disorders and is particularly prevalent in individuals with certain medical or psychological conditions, such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or anxiety disorders.
Restless Sleep: Studies show that individuals with ADHD are more likely to experience restless sleep and reduced slow-wave sleep (deep sleep phases essential for restoration).
Restless sleep refers to a condition characterized by frequent movements, poor sleep quality, and a lack of refreshing rest. People experiencing restless sleep may toss and turn, wake up intermittently throughout the night, or feel unrefreshed even after what seems like a full night's sleep.
Co-occurring Conditions: Anxiety and depression, which are prevalent among people with ADHD, can further compound sleep difficulties. ADHD-related sleep problems can exacerbate daytime symptoms such as inattentiveness, emotional dysregulation, and impaired executive functioning, creating a vicious cycle of poor sleep and worsened ADHD symptoms.
If you or someone you know are in need of a psychiatric assessment, follow the link here
